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| 1959 |
| | | Lee Kuan Yew becomes the first prime minister of the newly independent state of Singapore | |
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| 1960 |
| | | French Cameroun becomes independent as the republic of Cameroun, with Ahmadou Ahidjo as the first president | |
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| 1960 |
| | | French Togo becomes independent as the republic of Togo, with Sylvanus Olympio as president | |
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| 1960 |
| | | Cyprus becomes an independent nation, free of British colonial rule, with Archbishop Makarios as president | |
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| 1960 |
| | | French Sudan becomes independent as the republic of Mali, with Modibo Keita as president | |
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| 1960 |
| | | Madagascar becomes independent (under the name Malagasy republic from till 1975), with Philibert Tsiranana as president | |
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| 1960 |
| | | Patrice Lumumba becomes prime minister of the newly independent Democratic Republic of the Congo, previously the Belgian Congo | |
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| 1960 |
| | | British and Italian colonies merge as the independent Somali republic, also known as Somalia, with Aden Abdullah Osman as president | |
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| 1960 |
| | | The French colony of Dahomey (known from 1975 as Benin) becomes independent but suffers six military coups in its first twelve years | |
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| 1960 |
| | | Niger becomes independent, with Hamani Diori as the new nation's first president | |
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